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BACKGROUND & AIMS: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is common among adolescents, but the prevalence of significant fibrosis in this age group is not known. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of MAFLD and significant (>= F2) fibrosis by transient elastography (TE) in adolescents in the United States....
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BACKGROUND & AIMS: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is common among adolescents, but the prevalence of significant fibrosis in this age group is not known. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of MAFLD and significant (>= F2) fibrosis by transient elastography (TE) in adolescents in the United States.
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Objectives Disruptions in testosterone levels are a cause of great morbidity to male patients, with effects ranging from impotence to increased cardiovascular risk. This study analyzes populational testosterone trends in South Ame...
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Objectives Disruptions in testosterone levels are a cause of great morbidity to male patients, with effects ranging from impotence to increased cardiovascular risk. This study analyzes populational testosterone trends in South American males over a period of 8 years. Methods Between 2010 and 2017, Testosterone and Albumin measurements were performed in males over 19 years of age, in a routine male health program, and values outside laboratory normality ranges were excluded to reduce biases related to patients' pathologies. All data were collected on morning fasting and analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry. Data were compared by ANOVA tests with Tukey's post hoc analysis. Results A total of 2874 measurements were made in 8 years, mean participant age 56.18 years (19-84). The study found an age-independent testosterone decline of 10.68 ng/dL (1.6%) per year, displaying drops per year of 13.46 ng/dL (2.5%) in participants ≤40 years old, 7.12 ng/dL (1.4%) at the 41-60-year-old age group, and 11.4 ng/dL (2.4%) per year in participants >60 years old. The values of albumin displayed significant variations along the study period, but without any clear upward or downward trends in post hoc analysis. Conclusion The age-independent testosterone decline displays a worrying picture of possibly increasing rates of hypo-gonadism and its complications in the future. Further studies are needed to fully understand its etiology and impact in populations.
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Objective. To review evidence on the associations between vitamin B12 intake and its biomarkers, vitamin B12 intake and its functional health outcomes, and vitamin B12 biomarkers and functional health outcomes. Design. A systemati...
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Objective. To review evidence on the associations between vitamin B12 intake and its biomarkers, vitamin B12 intake and its functional health outcomes, and vitamin B12 biomarkers and functional health outcomes. Design. A systematic review was conducted by searching electronic databases, until January 2012, using a standardized strategy developed in the EURRECA network. Relevant articles were screened and sorted based on title and abstract, then based on full text, and finally included if they met inclusion criteria. A total of sixteen articles were included in the review. Setting. Articles covered four continents: America (n 4), Europe (n 8), Africa (n 1) and Asia (n 3). Subjects. Population groups included healthy infants, children and adolescents, and pregnant and lactating women. Results. From the total number of 5815 papers retrieved from the initial search, only sixteen were eligible according to the inclusion criteria: five for infants, five for children and adolescents, and six for pregnant and lactating women. Conclusions. Only one main conclusion could be extracted from this scarce number of references: a positive association between vitamin B12 intake and serum vitamin B12 in the infant group. Other associations were not reported in the eligible papers or the results were not provided in a consistent manner. The low number of papers that could be included in our systematic review is probably due to the attention that is currently given to research on vitamin B12 in elderly people. Our observations in the current systematic review justify the idea of performing well-designed studies on vitamin B12 in young populations
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Development of resting eggs of Polyphemus pediculus is asynchronous. The hatching of young is wave-form in character; it occurs by portions in accordance with the native diurnal, seasonal, perennial rhythms, as well as the environ...
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Development of resting eggs of Polyphemus pediculus is asynchronous. The hatching of young is wave-form in character; it occurs by portions in accordance with the native diurnal, seasonal, perennial rhythms, as well as the environmental conditions survived by a population during the resting period. The species cyclicity is genetically determined. P. pediculus is a monocyclic species under any conditions. Local P. pediculus populations are genetically heterogeneous and formed by generations having different duration of the life cycle.
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Aim: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. This study aimed to confirm the effect of common putative CVD-associated gene variants (FTO rs17817449, KIF6 rs20455, 9p21 rs107...
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Aim: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. This study aimed to confirm the effect of common putative CVD-associated gene variants (FTO rs17817449, KIF6 rs20455, 9p21 rs10757274 and 2q36.3 rs2943634) on CVD manifestation, and determine whether this effect differs between younger (<50 years) and older CVD patients.
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A 25-year-old Japanese female complaining chest oppression and palpitation was admitted to hospital under the presumptive diagnosis of ischemic heart disease (IHD), although no obvious underlying disease associated with IHD was de...
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A 25-year-old Japanese female complaining chest oppression and palpitation was admitted to hospital under the presumptive diagnosis of ischemic heart disease (IHD), although no obvious underlying disease associated with IHD was detected. Coronary angiography showed stenosis at the proximal site of left anterior descending artery (LAD), with dilatation and tortuosity at the bifurcation of the first and the second septal branches. Intravascular ultrasound imaging of the LAD showed intimal thickness without calcification at the site of stenosis. The stenosis was successfully and smoothly dilated by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. Even with precise evaluation, the cause of the coronary artery disease in this young female patient was not clarified. Further careful follow-up is needed.
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Purpose The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) newly drafted recommendations for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening age in average-risk individuals decreased to 45 years from 50 years. This study evaluates the ch...
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Purpose The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) newly drafted recommendations for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening age in average-risk individuals decreased to 45 years from 50 years. This study evaluates the change in the incidence of CRC, compares the demographic characteristics, characteristics of CRC, survival, and factors affecting the survival of younger ( 50 years) CRC-diagnosed population of Boston Medical Center (BMC). Also tailors the screening recommendations of CRC based on subpopulations. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted from 2004 to 2019 at BMC who underwent colonoscopy, to see newly diagnosed CRC. The analysis was done in R studio version 1.2.5033. Results The incidence rate of CRC is increasing in the younger population. The CRC in younger population was 350 and older was 2019. The most prevalent site among the younger population was rectum (33.33%), and most of the CRC were diagnosed at an advanced stage. Hispanics were less likely to be diagnosed with CRC in older age group (OR= 0.468, 95% CI 0.285, 0.796). Lower BMI was associated with a higher risk of mortality (p= 0.012). There was no difference in survival in younger and older populations. Conclusions CRC is increasing in the younger population, and Hispanics are diagnosed with CRC usually at a younger age. Early screening in young populations with average risk and even earlier screening in high-risk populations like Hispanics is warranted for timely recognition for prevention, early management, and reduction of mortality.
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